Myo-Inositol + N-Acetyl-Cysteine + Combination Tablets

Mechanism

Myo-Inositol: D-myo-Inositol is an insulin-sensitizing supplement that is useful in polycystic ovarian syndrome and other insulin resistant fertility concerns. Inositol has shown favorable results in improving nearly all aspects of PCOS, including insulin sensitivity, reproduction (restores ovulation and improves oocyte quality), hormonal imbalance, (improves androgens) and metabolic issues (inflammation, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and weight loss). Insulin resistance and/or compensatory hyperinsulinemia have a central role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Inositol-phosphogycan (IPG) is a mediator of insulin action. Inositol also serves as a precursor for the synthesis of phosphoinositides, which constitute the phosphatidylinositol signal transduction system involved in the regulation of various cellular functions including cell proliferation. Inositol, along with estradiol in human follicular fluid, also plays a role in follicular maturity and provides a marker of good quality oocytes. Research also shows that inositol is a simple and safe treatment that is capable of improving reproductive axis functioning in PCOS patients, reducing the hyperinsulinemic state that affects LH secretion and restoring spontaneous ovarian activity and consequently clinical pregnancy rate.
The main functions are:

• Inositol improves ovarian activity, insulin sensitivity and fertility in patients with PCOS
• Inositol also decreases testosterone and is a marker of good egg quality

N-Acetyl Cysteine: Nutritional supplement N-Acetyl Cysteine, also known as NAC. NAC is both an antioxidant and amino acid (building blocks of protein). Specifically, NAC is a derivative of the amino acid L-cysteine, an essential precursor used by the body to produce glutathione. Glutathione is an antioxidant that protects against free radical damage and oxidative stress and is a critical factor in supporting a healthy immune system. NAC has been shown to improve menstrual regularity and may help improve insulin resistance in women with PCOS who have high insulin levels. NAC also seems to have a favorable effect of lowering cholesterol, triglycerides and testosterone.
The main functions are:

• Breaks down mucus in the body
• Helpful in polycystic ovary syndrome in women
• Increases ovulation rates for women suffering from PCOS
• Anti-inflammatory
• Raises cellular glutathione levels
• Improves length of egg's telomeres, maintaining egg quality and health
• Improves insulin resistance by reducing insulin levels and increasing insulin sensitivity
• Improves menstrual cyclicity, ovulation and pregnancy

Vitamin E: It is a well – known antioxidant and protects cell membrane from oxidative damage. Vitamin E is generally safe and potent supplement that ameliorates problems associated with PCOS, diabetes and heart disease. Women at high risk for stroke or bleeding problems should be aware that high amounts of Vitamin E can worsen their problems. Women with PCOS have a higher risk of developing diabetes. Diabetics suffer damage to blood vessels, especially in the eyes and kidneys. Long-term use of vitamin E has been shown to strengthen major blood vessels in diabetics. Vitamin E also improves insulin action in non-insulin-dependent diabetics. Vitamin E helps with diabetes, hair loss, infertility, insulin resistance & irregular or absent periods. It is a powerful antioxidant that plays a protective role in the body as well as boosting your immune system, balancing blood sugar, improving hair and skin conditions.
Vitamin E may also play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease (important for women with PCOS).Oxidative stress is a major concern for women who are trying to conceive and have either insulin resistant, PCOS or diabetes. Vitamin E supplementation has been shown to improve insulin action. Vitamin E supplementation reduces oxidative stress, improving cell membrane physical characteristics and related activities in the transport of glucose.
L-Carnitine:It is an amino acid which plays an important role in energy metabolism in three different ways: the metabolism of glucose, the production of energy from stored fats and as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage as a result of metabolism.
L-Carnitine is used in the PCOS to increase insulin sensitivity which is key to reversing insulin resistance, considered to be the main underlying cause of PCOS. The main function of L-carnitine is to help the body turn fat into energy.
Carnitine is a "vitamin-like" molecule that helps to transport long-chain fatty acids from outside the mitochondria (the energy powerhouse of the cell) to inside the mitochondria, a process that is vital to energy production.
L-carnitine improves pregnancy rates and ovulation and helps in lowering down the concentrations of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG); thereby helping the symptoms of hirsutism and menstrual irregularities.
L-Arginine: It is a semi essential amino acid, which means that although the body normally makes enough of it, supplementation with additional amounts is sometimes needed. Arginine is found in foods containing protein. Arginine with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) restored gonadal function in patients with PCOS. N-acetyl cysteine and L-arginine are known to increase ovarian activity and improves insulin function. N-acetyl Cysteine helps in decreasing the oxidative stress and inhibiting the release of excess insulin and testosterone.
It increases blood flow which can improve reproductive health and allows for better blood circulation to the ovaries, allowing for optimum egg production. The increased blood flow to the uterus also creates a better environment to allow the implantation of a fertilized egg. Blood flow is important for the proper functioning of the reproductive organs, and may improve the chances of conception.
Folic Acid:It is also known as Vitamin B9 and it is required for DNA synthesis and optimal neurological function. It works in tandem with vitamin B12. Folic acid may be helpful in reducing homocysteine, which is a metabolic byproduct that is too high in some PCOS women.
Folic acid may help treat ovulatory infertility - one of the major complications of PCOS. PCOS has been associated with high blood levels of a substance called homocysteine. Elevated homocysteine levels have been linked to heart disease, stroke and endocrine disorders like hyperinsulinemia. Besides possibly reducing infertility associated with PCOS, folic acid may also improve pregnancy outcomes with PCOS. As with all pregnant women, pregnant women with PCOS need to get sufficient folic acid to prevent neural tube defects. Both low folic acid levels and PCOS are linked to miscarriage; pregnant women with PCOS may thus help reduce their risk of miscarrying by taking folic acid.
Selenium: It is a mineral required in small amounts to maintain good health. It is necessary to generate antioxidant proteins that help prevent cell damage from free radicals, which are thought to contribute to the development of certain chronic diseases. Selenium also has a role in regulating thyroid gland function and the immune system.
Selenium supplementation could be effective on reproductive outcomes, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It performs a variety of vital functions. It is an important antioxidant and a co-factor in thyroid function. In women who have an autoimmune disease of the thyroid (Hashimoto's disease), selenium appears to reduce the severity of the disorder.
Antioxidant element selenium has protective effects on oxidative stress and cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations in human neutrophil. The importance of Ca(2+) influx into the neutrophils through TRPV1 channels in the pathogenesis of the patients with PCOS. The selenium appeared to provide a protective effect against oxidative stress and Ca (2+) entry through modulation of neutrophil TRPV1 calcium channel. Selenium may play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS related with hyperandrogenism.
Low selenium is associated with diabetes and metabolic syndrome, both of which have some similarities with PCOS.

Pharmacokinetics

• Myo-Inositol: Improves insulin sensitivity and ovarian function.
• N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC): Precursor of glutathione, reduces oxidative stress.
• Vitamin E: Potent antioxidant protecting cell membranes.
• L-Carnitine: Facilitates fatty acid transport into mitochondria for energy production.
• L-Arginine: Enhances nitric oxide synthesis, improving vascular function.
• Folic Acid: Essential for DNA synthesis and prevention of neural tube defects.
• Selenium: Cofactor for antioxidant enzymes, supports thyroid and immune function.

Side Effects

• Mild gastrointestinal discomfort
• Headache
• Rare: allergic reactions

Contraindication

• Hypersensitivity to any component
• Pregnancy unless prescribed
• Severe hepatic or renal impairment

Interaction

• Warfarin: Cranberry may increase bleeding risk.
• Antibiotics: Adjunctive use may enhance efficacy in UTI prevention.
• Other nutraceuticals: Possible additive antioxidant effects.

Warning and Precautions

• Monitor patients with recurrent kidney stones.
• Use cautiously in diabetics (D-Mannose may affect glucose metabolism).
• Not recommended in pregnancy without medical advice.
• Discontinue if severe gastrointestinal upset occurs.

Dosage

As directed by the Dietician.